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Why Asia Won't Reject Russia's Hydrocarbons or China's Rare Earths Despite US Pressure_我的网站

A |     08月26日讯 英媒《镜报》记者John Cross撰文，称切尔西中场恩佐已成为英超“头号公敌”。    "Given that energy is the lifeline of modern economies, modern economic growth patterns, there are not that many alternatives available and there are only a few countries that are players in the global energy market. Russia certainly cannot be counted out and Russia cannot be marginalized in the global energy landscape," says Harsh V. Pant, professor of international relations at the King's College London India Institute and director of the strategic studies program at the Observer Research Foundation.,International Energy Agency (IEA) Executive Director Fatih Birol and US Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm on 12 July urged Indo-Pacific countries at the Sydney Energy Forum to diversify their supply chains for energy and critical minerals to reduce "dependency" on Russia over its special operation in Ukraine, as well as on China.,"At a time when the energy prices are going up and affecting some of the poorest and most vulnerable countries around the world very significantly, I think Asian countries will continue to cooperate with Russia in order to support their economies and their domestic requirements," says Pant.,He explains that dealing with Russia has become an economic imperative at a time of energy crunch given that Moscow is offering discounted oil to a number of countries. Furthermore, maintaining economic relations with Russia is a question of survival and the people's well-being for some Asian nations and countries of the Global South, according to the professor. Under these circumstances it's highly unlikely that they will succumb to the pressure from Washington and sever ties with Russia, he says.,"For political leaders across the world, at a time when economies are just beginning to grow after the long COVID pandemic, they can [not] afford a lack of energy and higher energy prices," Pant stresses.,Russia, Venezuela to Expand Oil Sector Cooperation, Working on Pact to Circumvent Western Sanctions4 July, 11:15 GMT,Anti-Russia Sanctions: India and EU Approaches,To illustrate his point, the professor cites India's approach to Russia's affairs and the Ukraine crisis. New Delhi continues to import energy from Russia despite the US and Europe urging India to join sweeping anti-Russia sanctions.,"What we have seen in the last two months is a gradual, significant increase in what India is buying from Russia when it comes to oil," the professor says. "This is particularly relevant again because Russia has offered India discounted oil and India's economic requirements demand that India continues buying this oil. The challenges facing India's population mean that the Indian leadership has an incentive in continuing to engage with Russia on this question.",At the same time, the European Union's decision to slap sanctions on Russia and slash energy supplies from the country have backfired on Europe's economy, sending fuel prices up and accelerating inflation.,"We have seen how Europe is struggling to reduce its dependence and the kind of costs that it is imposing on Europeans," says Pant. "Most Asian countries would be reluctant to go down that route.",Brussels: Anti-Russia Sanctions Raise Questions About Sustainability of EU's Financial Model 10 June, 08:44 GMT,The disruptions in the supply of crude after the imposition of ban on imports from Russia have given a dramatic boost to energy prices and inflation, echoes Suranjali Tandon, assistant professor at the Delhi-based National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.,"The current inflationary trends are the most serious challenge for policy makers," she says. "Central banks around the world have begun the process of unwinding loose monetary policy… The current inflation rates have led to internal economic strains and as seen in Sri Lanka, a political upheaval. The cooperation between Russia and Asian countries may be economically prudent.",Moreover, major Asian economies – India and China – are ready to absorb crude supplies from Russia rejected by the West, according to her.,At the same time, Washington's plan to force Asian states to join anti-Russia sanctions is fraught with severe risks for the global economy, Tandon warns.,"The ban, if carried out by other Asian economies, will further cut off supplies of refined petroleum and related products," she says. "This could lead to an unmanageable inflationary spiral while depressing global growth.",Lithium, Gold & Rare Earths: How China May Open the Door to New Business Opportunities for Afghans19 August 2021, 08:38 GMT,Are There Alternatives to Russia & China?,According to Tandon, India sets an important precedent for other Asian states by withstanding the US pressure when it comes to energy sanctions against Russia. By doing this, India is defending its internal interests in the first place, the professor underscores.,She hails the idea that single technology or fuel dependence should be avoided. This principle could be applied to Russia, China, or Western countries in a similar way. However, when the West is calling upon Asian nations to shift to wind, solar, and even nuclear power and abandon fossil fuels, it's clear that this shift cannot be done immediately, the professor emphasizes.,Even after the "green" transition, Asian states and the Global South are likely to maintain ties with Russia and China, who have been developing cutting-edge nuclear technologies and mining rare earths needed for producing electric batteries and electronic components.,"Russia's energy supplies will remain globally important," Tandon forecasts. "More importantly, even when this transition does take place the natural resources including minerals used as inputs in renewables will be concentrated in countries like China. China produces 63% of the world’s rare earth elements, including 45% of molybdenum as per IEA, so it's unclear what countries must do to expand alternatives while being under pressure to transition quickly."。

B | 以下为全文内容：《恩佐·费尔南德斯遭受富勒姆球迷猛烈嘘声，已成为英超“头号公敌”》在世界杯上代表阿根廷队再次坐实“滑稽剧反派”形象后，恩佐·费尔南德斯在代表切尔西出战克拉文农场球场时，遭到了富勒姆球迷的强烈嘘声。恩佐·费尔南德斯现在已经正式成为了英超联赛的“头号公敌”。自世界杯结束以来，这位切尔西中场在克拉文农场球场首次亮相时，遭到了全场狂嘘、喝倒彩和嘲弄。这可不是那种稀稀拉拉、少数几个球迷在唱反调的场景。不，全场的敌意声浪高昂且尖锐。他们高唱“英格兰”，在他每一次触球时都报以嘘声。

C | 要搞清楚，这可是富勒姆的主场。这里坐着的通常是品着拿铁的优雅阶层，充满古朴风情的克拉文农场。这种场面实在令人惊叹且震撼，绝非零星的几声嘘声那么简单。而这，只是他本赛季在每场比赛中即将面临的遭遇的缩影。全国各地的足球球迷都不会原谅恩佐，因为他在世界杯半决赛中参与了阿根廷对阵英格兰那场丑陋、火药味十足且充满怨气的比赛；尤其是阿根廷在亚特兰大取得胜利后，恩佐双手指着耳朵嘲弄英格兰球迷的样子，令人难以忘怀。这也让人实在难以理解，为什么恩佐似乎执意要从切尔西转会到曼城。曼城主帅马雷斯卡非常希望签下恩佐他此前曾在切尔西执教过这名球员。而切尔西本周正准备迎接来自曼城的一笔高达1.2亿英镑的报价。所以，恩佐将从一家英超俱乐部跳槽到另一家。这就引出一个疑问：他为什么不上赶着转会到海外呢？那样不就能彻底摆脱这种困境了吗？显然，其中一个原因是没有欧洲顶级豪门愿意支付这笔巨额转会费，或者可能无法匹配他的薪水。

D | 上赛季，恩佐就曾因与皇马“眉来眼去”而惹恼了切尔西球迷，结果这家西班牙豪门公开表示他们对他毫无兴趣。这导致切尔西球迷对恩佐的态度两极分化。尽管如此，切尔西球迷在周一晚上依然高唱他的名字来支持他。不过话说回来，这大概很大程度上只是对富勒姆球迷喧嚣声的一种反击罢了。从内心深处来说，切尔西球迷其实也没那么喜欢他。你甚至能看到连切尔西的替补席都对这整幕闹剧感到有些困惑。其中包括罗杰斯和帕尔默在内的几名球员甚至在一旁偷笑。无论我们喜不喜欢，这都将成为本赛季的一个主旋律。当然，我们以前也见过类似的场面。许多年前，里基·比利亚和奥斯瓦尔多·阿迪莱斯曾因福克兰群岛战争（马岛战争）而遭遇球迷抵制。

E | 当时阿迪莱斯租借去了巴黎圣日耳曼，但他很快就重新得到了爱戴。在2006年世界杯四分之一决赛葡萄牙击败英格兰、C罗导致鲁尼被红牌罚下后，C罗也曾遭受过巨大的舆论声讨。甚至连阿森纳的本·怀特，在2022年卡塔尔世界杯退出英格兰队集训营后也吃过不少苦头。类似的例子数不胜数。不过天哪，切尔西似乎根本不在乎这些，他们甚至签下了瓦伦丁·巴尔科，哪怕这位阿根廷人在那场比赛后还嘲讽过英格兰的英雄贝林厄姆。

F | 恩佐显然很擅长将这种愤怒和敌意转化为动力。他是个性格非常鲜明的人，这一点值得佩服。

G | 但现实是，他真的没有那么出彩。他训练刻苦，拥有难以置信的决心和斗志，同时他效力于世界足坛最优秀的球队之一——阿根廷队。他的跑动体能要远好于他的脚下细活。

H | 自2023年加盟切尔西以来，恩佐真的配得上他那高达1.06亿英镑的身价吗？当时阿根廷刚刚赢得世界杯，也没人能完全理解这个价格！而直到现在，他依然是一个充满争议的球员。

I | 平心而论，马雷斯卡确实发挥出了他的最大价值——当时切尔西赢得了欧洲赛事奖杯、重返欧冠联赛，并夺得世俱杯冠军。但他真的是一名能让当下这支顶级曼城队更进一步的球员吗？眼下他或许可以，因为曼城失去了瓜迪奥拉和一大批顶尖人才。

J | 然而，他转会时也必须做好心理准备：本赛季无论他是代表切尔西还是曼城出战，只要登场就会遭受恶毒的谩骂。如果切尔西能拿到超过1.2亿英镑的资金，这无疑将是一笔划算的买卖；而对于这样一个“滑稽剧反派”能够留在英格兰足坛，或许也会带来不少乐趣。至少，他再也不会像在切尔西时在比赛中悄无声息地隐身了。今后只要他一触球，你一定会立刻注意到。

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